The Logic of Firm and Market Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Logic of Firm and Market - Term Paper Example As any business, the firm exists to profit as it performs its function which is to produce products and services through process (Jelen). It is then its responsibility to create goods and services that would meet the consumers’ demands and needs which are quality based. On the basis of value, modern entrepreneurship does not limit his definition to goods alone that would give profit to the firm but the services as well and of course those which are involved in rendering the services, the human being. Thus, skills, intelligence, knowledge and understanding are also considered values as these are used to produce the tangible produce exchanged in the firm. As Coase says, a firm thus is made up of the system of relationships when the direction of resources is dependent on the entrepreneur (393), giving it the responsibility to give value to its good relationship with the service providers. A firm is likely to survive in cases where a very short term contract would be unsatisfactory (Coase, 392) since the goal of the firm is to profit, therefore, it looks into the inclination of minimizing expenses. In contrast, the market is a system of producers, sellers and consumers in an unorganized fashion where services and goods are exchanged as the need arises in an unprecedented manner and where contracts are on a short term, if there are any. The players in this system could find people whom they could exchange goods and services depending on the prices set in the market, ending contracts in an untimely manner. Why did the network, flat structure of production not emerge before the late 20th century? Or did it? And, conversely, why were we dominated by- and infatuated with- the hierarchal (organizations) of productive entities? Flat structures of production I guess were existent even before the late 20th century however, it was not so much noticed and valued as it is today. History would show that

The Physics of Roller Coasters Essay Example for Free

The Physics of Roller Coasters Essay People sometimes engage in activities and are unaware that such activity involves physics. Physics is all around. For instance, you may go to Six Flags and do not analyze how physics helps the machines you ride in operate. Have you ever asked yourself how a roller coaster works? Would roller coasters safely run without the knowledge that physics offers us? The answer is no. Roller coasters are driven by physics; it mobilizes and gives its riders amusement through forces such as inertia, gravitation, and centripetal forces and utilizes different types of energies such as potential and kinetic energy. Physics is what makes roller coasters safe and effective. It is not only the high speed of the trains ofa roller coaster that makes the ride so thrilling but the acceleration of the train and the occasional feeling of weightlessness. At various times, roller coasters, or more specifically the trains of these, undergo acceleration, which is defined as the rate of change in velocity. The change may be in speed (magnitude) or direction, or in both. Roller coasters accelerate when they speed up and make the ride faster, slow down, or change direction. It decelerates as, for example, it ascends as if going up a hill. In this case, acceleration is dependent on its mass and the other forces acting on it. It is the acceleration of roller coasters what makes the ride more thrilling and exciting. When riding in a roller coaster a person may at some point feel weightlessness because they do not feel the chair they are sitting in as the roller coaster and yourself move vertically at 9. 8 m/sA2. Therefore, you encounter with Galileo and Newtons principle of free fall, an object moving under the influence of gravity only. Newtons laws of motion state that the sum of the forces acting on free-falling objects, gravitation and its inertia, equals to zero. Because these forces add up to zero as gravity cancels out with the objects inertia, then the rider while riding in an arched path, in form of for example a parabola, feels weightless. This free-fall also occurs when the roller coaster is up high in the air and abruptly drops and accelerates to the ground. It is due to gravity, the Earths pull, only and therefore, as Newton proposed, even though some people weight more than other, they accelerate at the same rate. One of the most important and fascinating parts of a roller coaster ride are its curves. When going through a loop, the track of the roller coaster exerts a centripetal force. Centripetal force is a force that makes a body follow a curved path. If you ever wonder how you go through a loop in a roller coaster without falling off, one of the reasons for this is centripetal force which holds the riders in their seat. It is a force that pulls you in the direction of the center of a circle when traveling in a circular course. Furthermore, roller coasters also have a relationship with inertia which also helps passengers stay in their seats and not fall off the train. Inertia is the property of things to resist any changes in motion. For example, if an object is still then it will not move unless a force acts on it, the esistance of moving is considered inertia. This force presses each individual to the outside of the loop as the train twists upside down. Gravity is still pulling you toward Earth but acceleration force is more powerful than gravity at the top which also pulls you but in the opposite direction, upwards. Similarly, a moving roller coaster, as it is or force alters its speed or direction. The more mass the roller coaster has, the more inertia it has. Riders who frequently go to amusement parks and ride on roller coasters are usually astonished by the fact that these do not have engines. Immediately, riders nquire, how does it stay on tracks, what makes it remain in motion, why we do not fall when turned upside down? Initially, the train of a roller coaster is only pulled up the first hill by a motor but after such action, it must finish the ride by itself. It is not a motor that is responsible for driving the roller coaster but rather the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy. The train gets the kinetic energy necessary for the entire ride from the first steep hill it goes down. Energy can never be created or destroyed, however, it is conserved through forces like gravity, which is known as conservation of energy. Kinetic and potential energy are the two most important types of energy that a roller coaster needs to function. Kinetic energy is energy of motion, the faster an object or something moves, the more kinetic energy it possesses. On the other hand, potential energy is defined as energy of position or stored energy. The roller coaster utilizes potential energy, which is dependent of the mass of the train and the height, when the motor lifts it up the hill and then, this transfers to kinetic energy when the roller coaster suddenly drops, gaining speed. Therefore, the sum of kinetic and potential energy forms the mechanical energy of he roller coaster, energy which is occasionally lost throughout the ride due to friction. Potential energy is transferred into kinetic energy at the beginning of the ride as the roller coaster undergoes its first descent. When the train of the roller coaster is at the peak of the hill, it possesses a lot of potential energy and much less kinetic energy because it is at a high altitude and moves slowly. Conversely, when it is at the bottom, it has a lot of kinetic energy and less potential energy because it moves faster and is closer to the ground. Roller coasters get some of the potential nergy lost to kinetic energy when it starts elevating itself again to the top of the hill. This is a continuous process that the train repeats until it comes to rest. Isaac Newtons three laws of motion also relate to roller coasters. Newtons first law or the law of inertia states that if an object is at rest it will remain at rest, and if an object is in motion it will continue with constant speed in a straight line unless an external force is exerted upon it. In a roller coaster, the outside forces exerted on the train of the roller coaster are the brakes or frictional force, which makes it slow down r decelerate. Newtons second law states the acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the net force applied. This is why when the train is going down a hill the speed is so high because of the amount of heavy mass the train carries such as the weight of each person. Therefore, it is said that F (force) = m (mass) * g (gravitational force). So the force that you encounter when going down the steep hill is equal to the mass of the train plus the mass of all the riders multiplied by the gravitational force, which is equal to 9. 8 m/s squared. Lastly, Newtons third aw states that when one body applies a force to another body, the second body applies an equal and opposite force to the first body. This theory in practice is when, for example, you go through a curve and you feel and think that the seat you are in is pushing you, but similarly, you also do the same to the seat because you apply an Furthermore, roller coasters also encounter frictional forces. Friction is defined as a force that acts to resist the relative motion or attempted motion of objects or materials that are in contact. Friction is why the train of a roller coaster reduces peed as goes through the tracks; it makes it harder for the train to roll. This is why as you can observe in an amusement park, the biggest and highest hills of a roller coaster are put at the beginning of the ride and leave the smallest for last in order to keep the train moving. The frictional force of a roller coaster acts in direct opposition to the motion of it. There is friction in the wheels of the roller coaster, as it rubs with the tract it runs through, and in wind drag or air resistance and these are the reasons why mechanical energy, the sum of potential and kinetic energy, is dissolved s the ride continues, and even more at the end of the ride and affects its velocity. If there were no friction then the roller coaster would keep going without stop. Roller coasters are one of the most popular and thrilling rides in an amusement park. During a roller coaster ride, many physics concepts are present that makes the ride so fascinating. Roller coasters undergo acceleration, they transform potential energy to kinetic energy, Newtons laws of motion are put in practice, friction resists its motion and it utilizes gravity and inertia. In short, physics works roller coaster.

The Bonds of Womanhood by Nancy Cott

The Bonds of Womanhood by Nancy Cott Nancy Cott, the writer and editor of The Bonds of Womanhood, aimed at analyzing the lives of American women in the 19th century and also discussing on the thought of separate spheres. She also involved true womanhood cult in the context of his book. Cotts book covers a social history that took place in New England between 1780 and 1835. Her research work covers personal narratives as well as prescriptive literature. The writer was inspired by the fact that during the 19th century women were idealized by men as godly mothers and ideal examples of virtue. She introduced the principle of domesticity which tackles the idea of women providing a happy environment or rather sanctuary for men while at home. In most occasions, women were idealized and marginalized by men in the society. The writer in this case portrays women as domestic defenders according to the way they were being treated during that period. In this case, women are not treated as passive victims by the author but instead sh e uses women to indicate true womanhood by the way they actively helped in creating an ideal vision of being a woman. This paper will primarily focus on Nancy Cotts book The Bonds of Womanhood that covers the aspect of womans Sphere during the 19th century period in New England. Womens Sphere in the Bonds of Womanhood This book is a classic work established by Nancy Cott relating to the history of women in the 19th century. Cott remains the best historian of oppression and womens bond. She also foresaw domesticity bond tendency that led to feminism about 20 years ago. Her work has become an inspiration to most women and creates a way through which women can be understood easily by the society. Looking at the preface of the book, issues are raised that are of contemporary importance to every reader of this book. Cott lays most of her emphasis on the voices of women which acts as her primary source when writing the book. Nancy Cott builds a sense of different forms that resulted to the oppression of women. In addition, Cott tries to highlight the role that women took in America during the age of early capitalism. The author uses her collection to mark the beginning of her appreciation on the changes brought about by the growth of capitalism during the early nineteenth century in America. In her study work, Cott examines changes that occurred in the society between 1785 and 1830. The author compared different family types that existed in New England during that time period putting into consideration records and diaries written by women. Cott puts forward that a separate sphere for women was created following the market revolution that took place in America during the early stages. The womens sphere was domesticity that behaved as a form of feminist space. Whats more is that she outlines a private sphere to indicate a separate sphere where women were positioned. With relation to the private sphere, the authors argument is that it can also be phrased as a domesticity cult. Nancy Cott highlights that movements of proto-feminism were brought about through acts of women forging bonds via associate homemakers and churches as a result of domesticity cult in early nineteenth century. Additionally, Cotts intention was to define the role that women took before mid 19th century. She used journals and letters written by New England Women. The author incorporates several women aspects that took place during the late 18th century and early 19th century. Her first part of study is the work area. She points out that looking at the economic life; women appeared to be more secondary than men. On top of this is that a womans earnings and property were considered to belong to the husband or any other male relative. According to Cott, the work for women was more need driven as compared to mens work which was time disciplined, regulated and constrained. With time, womens work became seasonally determined which differed depending on family needs. She goes on further to accede that women who were young and unmarried had more flexibility in terms of employment especially in teaching areas and textile mills. Nonetheless, she argues that work done was intended to generate income fo r the family and not for personal support. Nancy Cott keeps her perspective by examining the impact on women especially as they were left at home by male exodus who considered themselves as breadwinners. Her point was that while women labored more at home, men worked outside homes as a sign of toil division that was based on gender differences. The authors view on domesticity features on the need for a womans commitment to married life and family be it an extended family or a nuclear family of close blood relations. Cotts way of thought is that during this period, the roles carried out by married women started to resemble those of men. Her definition of domesticity is a womans ability to manage a home, organize tasks and establish an economical household which becomes time disciplined and well regulated. With relation to Cotts findings, the role of mothers was placed at a higher relief following the loss of women acting as providers and domestic manufacturers. Cott considers that the future of the generation to come depends on how mothers attend to their children. The author foresees an increase in opportunities in fields of religious expression and education as a result of encouragement. Women who were young and unmarried got the chance to teach girls schools. The overall idea was to support future mothers who would educate the future citizens as the number grew. This led to the growth of women scholars as well as teachers. This broadened the curricula for young women who had accomplished their education. Furthermore, new authors were hosted following an increase in literacy that came about due to increased education. This led to the expansion of publishing industry with the majority being women. Cott continues to emphasize on how the model of religion that came into being established opportunities for the women in particular to move to the sphere of publicity as guardians for morals and reformers. Conclusion Cott focused on the theme of moral authority as seen in many families in modern society. This has caused a lot of questions to arise among many scholars. Nancy Cott applied the concept of having womens sphere to indicate the importance of female gender in the society inclusive of evangelical Christianity. This promotes women in areas which they are deemed with relation to their sex. According to Cott, the bonds declared by the society for womens activities strengthened the sisterhood connection between women. This helped in perpetuation of the bond that restricted women in their sphere.

Women Essay examples -- Gender Roles, Inequalities Between Men and Wom

Through the involvement of government legislature and the evolving demeanor of today’s society, inequalities between men and women in the workplace have dwindled to an all time low. However, while it is inevitable that progress continues, the struggle remains for women to gain the full equality they deserve. Many individuals are in error, believing that the war against gender discrimination has come to a victorious halt, however, this is not the case. It is essential to constitute the degree of validity, or ambiguity concerning the pervasive affirmations of a decrease in discrimination against women in the work force. Women endure a constant struggle as they fight to acquire, in all aspects, equality at work. Female news anchor certainly partake in this particular struggle. The road to news anchoring is an imperious one; survival is seldom and flourishing in the profession is less than common. As of today, the numbers of women who succeed as anchors is deficient due to the in conspicuous discrimination that hinders women’s progress in the profession. There exists a plethora of men who have succeeded in the alluring yet demanding occupation of news anchoring, however, women, on the other hand, are avidly awaiting not only progress, but prosperity. heir lack of ascendancy continues to be impeded by the strict standards for beauty set for women in the industry, contrasted by the looser requirements expected of men. To succeed as newscasters women must surpass men in all aspects, their work ethic must be more efficient, their appearance must be flawless and they must go beyond their limits, testing their capabilities. While critical steps have been taken by women in televised broadcasting, equality is remote since men are a domina... ... has been demonstrated that women are more than willing to confront these situation in order to succeed as anchorwomen. Though there is much progress to be made before equality among men and women on the news desk is attained, women continue to stand firmly on their views concerning discrimination and don’t go down without a fight. The incompetence society deems of women as news anchors is unjust; women are more than qualified and their potential to thrive is beyond what one can imagine. Though the role physical appearance plays among male and female news anchors is a crucial one, especially for women, it should not interfere with a woman’s professional progress. Discrimination severely limits a woman’s advancement in their profession, which is greatly unjust; opportunities to ascend should be given to all and anything that inhibits this should be terminated.

Hopkins Winhover Analysis

Who is God? Gerard Hopkins spent his life finding the answer through his poetry and exploring the nature around him. In Gerard Hopkins' poem â€Å"The Windhover† there is a representational allusion to Christ and Jesus. The speaker praises the Lord by praising what he takes as a symbol for Christ. Throughout the poem the speaker symbolizes Christ's glory by the way the falcon reacts to the air, how it maneuvers and even characteristic traits of the falcon species. The poem uses alliteration, internal rhyming, compound metaphors, elliptical grammar and complex threads of connotation. One could only appreciate the glory of the Lord more after interpreting the poem. The poem is almost impossible to understand without good background knowledge about Hopkins’s ideas and his odd words. There are many words of the Anglo-Saxon origin like rung (past tense of ‘ring’), minion, dauphin, and chevalier. There are also unusual combinations like â€Å"dapple-dawn-drawn†, which is an image of the bird. The last stanza is particularly complex because of the associatively linked words related to Christ and his sacrifice. Finally, the grammar is also odd; actually the poem does not follow any traditional grammar and structure. In short, the poem can be discussed as a sonnet because it has some of the features of the typical sonnet, but it must be called a modified sonnet adapted to a different kind of subject, word-game and music. The poem is therefore the thanksgiving to Christ. It is a hymn that is romantic in form but religious in theme. When the poet sees the beautiful bird, he is reminded of Christ and becomes thankful and appreciative of him. The poem’s theme is therefore related to the poet’s praise of Christ rather than being about the bird. Hopkins has mixed his romantic fascination with the nature and his religious favor of gratitude towards God for giving us a beautiful nature. The beauty of nature is illustrated by his attention that is suddenly drawn by the scene of a bird flying in the sky. He describes a bird which he saw flying in the sky that morning. Like in a romantic poem, he remembers the experience to express his feelings. That morning, the speaker had been out at dawn. From the excited description in the poem, we can infer that the speaker was probably in the field. This admirer of Christ brings the image of Christ’s wounds, pain and sacrifice. This suggests that he always remembers and becomes thankful to Christ. The poem is subtitled â€Å"To Christ our Lord† because the falcon reminds him of Christ. The speaker continuously hails one of God's most stunning creatures, the falcon. He is flabbergasted at the magnificence of the windhover's flight. He wonders at its colorful feathers and the sheer speed of its flight. His tone suggests that he is in awe. He is observing something equivalent to the second coming of Jesus or angels walking among regular men. He throws out a barrage of visual imagery to describe the windhover and still does not seem to come close to its real magnificence. He wonders how such a creature could exist but is eventually just filled with glee in knowing the fact that it does exist. In the first stanza the speaker states that he spotted the morning's minion as if to suggest that the falcon was somehow less important to the morning. He suggests that there is some sort of royal hierarchy by using words that recall images of sovereignty. He describes the different tricks of the bird’s flight. The second stanza takes a different stance on things. The windhover is out maneuvering when it smoothly and suddenly dives. The speaker is scared for the birds' safety but is pleasantly surprised when the bird is lifted by a huge wind. One can say that in times of foolish pleasure he can fall but Christ will always be there to lift him back up. Christ is the cushion needed for even a temporary fall from grace. Stanza three uses a stream of descriptive words to denote the dignity of such a creature. In the animal kingdom it would be considered king of the roost. The speaker calls the windhover a chevalier meaning knight or in other words a savior. Christ is also considered a savior. The speaker compares the bird and Christ with the hard work of the plow that creates a channel and displays the wet soil underneath and burned embers that shine red-gold when split open and burn with fire. That is directly omparable to the assumption that the speaker was living a dark life until the Lord stirred up his liveliness, split open his dark shell and helped him to shine with a new vigor for life. Christ could be seen in nature in the windhover's existence. He is symbolized in all the actions of the falcon and also represented in its characteristics. The speaker praises the Lord by his amazed praise and represented in its characteristics . The speaker praises the Lord by his amazed praise and appreciation. Christ does exists in even the smaller details in life and all we have to do is observe them periodically to know that Christ lives on.

Rape Culture Essay

In the United States, rape has become one of the most underreported crimes each year (â€Å"Reporting Rape† 1). The term rape culture refers to how our society has taught women how not to be raped instead of teaching men not to rape. Through jokes and the sexualization of women we are more likely to believe rape is not a big crisis in our nation. Rape culture leads to the acceptance of rape as a natural occurrence through images that objectify women, media, and the stigmatization of rape victims. In our culture we are made to believe that victims should be blamed for their own abuse according to their state of mind or what they were wearing at the time. Rape culture has become such a major part of own lives that we don’t know its even happening. In todays society, women have become such a â€Å"sex† object from the media, movies, and advertisement, or even jokes. Through images that dehumanize women, they turn them into objects, leading to the increase of violence towards women. In a Stop Violence Against Women event students face the issue face on and said: When the media objectifies women, it also creates an analogous definition of masculinity. She added that the media imposes these societal roles, causing people to ignore complex human personalities and identities (Turmam 1). The over-sexualization of women in today’s media gives women the wrong hopes. At one-angle women see sex as a necessity to be in todays â€Å"norms† but not to put themselves out enough to be sexually assaulted. The word â€Å"slut† has oppressed women by telling them to dress a certain way, where to go or not go, who to talk to and who not to talk to. â€Å"Slut† shaming is an act of shaming a person based on how much they flaunt their sexuality. Taking the word too lightly can have awful consequences on how rape will be justified. Women who show too much skin or dress provocative are labeled as â€Å"sluts† and are tormented as well as looked at with less respect. Women should be able to wear whatever choice of clothing they want, go out where they want and not be in constant fear of rape. We are living in a culture where survivors are afraid to speak up (Kacmarek 2). Most women are afraid that by speaking up they are putting themselves out to be judged. People around us judge a person who has been raped not on the  circumstances but by the type of clothing they were wearing, saying that they have â€Å"lost their self-respect† which means they might have brou ght it upon themselves. Research has found that an increase in sexist jokes can have a negative outcome for rape victims (Viki 1). By creating a society that looks down on those who show their sexuality, it creates fear when women are sexually assaulted. This also makes men believe that it is â€Å"okay† to come onto women. Nobody but the rapist should be blamed for the abuse that happened. No one ever asks to get raped, in any situation. Jessica Valenti confronts the issue of â€Å"no means no†: Until American culture and law frames sexual consent, as proactively, enthusiastically given, there will be no justice for rape victims. Its time for the U.S to lose the â€Å"no means no† model for understanding sexual assault and focus â€Å"only yes’ means yes† instead (Broderick 3) America has looked at consent is such a loose way. Many forget that â€Å" no† does not mean â€Å"convince me.† A survey reveals that many people between the ages of 14-25 do not actually learn about consent in mandatory sex-education classes (Broderick 2). A consent sex does not mean there wasn’t a no, but rather that the yes was not forced upon by convincing or hostile situation where they feel like th ey were pressured to say yes. Also that being when people are under the influence or even unconscious, just because they didn’t say no does not mean that it gives the right for a person to have sex with him. Two people consenting is a necessity when it comes to sex. Many people are not aware of how frightening the statistics involving sexual assault is. The crime of rape is at an alarmingly high rate due to the fact that â€Å"slut†-shaming and victim shaming, many are afraid to speak up about rape. Every year there is 237,868 people sexually assaulted (â€Å"Statistics† 1) Only 40% of rapes actually reported to the police (â€Å"Reporting Rates† 1) That means that 60% are too afraid to report a sexual assault and many rapist getting away for what they have done and possibly doing it again. Out of the 40% of rapes that are actually reported 3% of rapist will ever spend a day in prison (â€Å"Reporting Rates† 1). There is no justice for women in the United States who are being raped. Angie Epifano states how rape is somehow have to more â€Å"legitimate† compared to other crimes: If you were mugged in New York City people would be horrified. No one is going to sit there and say ‘Are  you sure you were mu gged?’ With sexual assault there is always this question of ‘Are you sure?’ ‘What were you wearing?’(Kacmarek 2) Men rape on a daily basis because they know they can get away with it. Our culture has become so involved in bashing others on how to dress or how to act we have forgotten that it is not the victims fault, but that people rape because they are rapists. Another thing that most people forget is that rapes do not happen by random strangers. Most rapes happen by the people we know, friends or family. We are afraid that to face the fact that the rape is not only committed by evil psychopaths but instead by those who we look up to or those who we’ve got to know the best (Broderick 1). About â…” of rapes are committed by someone the victim knows (â€Å"Statistics† 1). Some of best examples how rape culture has taken such huge effect in the United States is in the media. Rapists are made to look like victims in today’s society. A culture where it’s believed that â€Å"boys will be boys,† where men cannot control themselves if they see women in revealing clothing. In the media, rape culture has affected the way rape cases are looked at. The bias opinions on the way news coverage looks at the rapes have been having a negative effect on the viewers. A prime example of this is seen in the rape case in Steubenville, Ohio. The trial was against two young men, Trent Mays and Ma’lik Richmond, both in high school. These two boys raped a unconscious girl who was highly intoxicated. They referred to this young 16 year old as the â€Å"dead girl,† but in trial denied knowing that they were raping her because it â€Å"wasn’t violent†(Plank 1). A person who is unconscious is unable to consent any type of penetrati on. Just because there isn’t a no, does not mean that means that is what the girl wants. Silence is not consent. Rape is usually not violent or forced. The two boys continued to urinate on her, live-text, and disseminated naked pictures of the victim (Plank 1). During this many watched as the girl was being raped, most laughed and took pictures as this was happening. This rape trial is being dismissed because she was not saying â€Å"no† during this. Rape apology in the media was clearly shown when CNN, covered and responded the rape trial. Finally a trial where the rapists were sent to jail the way the reporter dismissed the rape and instead victimized the rapist. Poppy Harlow went on to discuss on how deeply sorry she was for this rapist: I’ve never  experienced anything like it Candy. It was incredibly difficult even for an outsider like me to watch as these two young men that had much promising future, star football players, very good students literally watch as they believed their lives fell apart (Plank 1). Here she makes the rapist seem like a victim when he was the one that made the decision to rape and hurt another human being. Even one of the nicest guys can rape. No one but the rapist should be blamed for violence they inflicted on the others. No matter what the girl was wearing or how her state of mind was, no one but the rapist should be blamed. â€Å"As long as we publicly sympathize with rapist, we are glorifying them. Rapist deserve no apology, rape victims do† (Plank 2) Therefore, there is conclusive evidence that rape culture is prevalent in the United States. Our culture has desensitized and minimized traumatic experiences for its victims. Women are being dehumanized because of they are objectified and over-sexualized. Victim blaming has become such a norm in our society we forget that no one but a rapist should be blamed for what they have done. Statics show how there is not justice for women, when men are not being put away for their crime. Culturally men and women are taking bias sides because of sexist ways that the victim is somehow responsible for being raped.

The Dumbest Generation Essay Example

The Dumbest Generation Essay Example The Dumbest Generation Paper The Dumbest Generation Paper Kevin Bui ENG 101 V September 19, 2011 Rough Draft Formal Essay # 1: Generation How/Why has the internet allowed our Generation to be lazier? Why is this a problem? How would this affect future generations? Internet is a great reliable source. The abuse of the internet has caused our generation, also known as the Millennials to be lazier. The quick easy access of the internet causes our generation to spend more time online in our everyday lives. The internet has allowed us to do any type of research online. Spending hours at the library is no longer needed. This is a concern that Millennials have to consider changing before it affects the future generations. Why read a book when you can â€Å"Spark note† or â€Å"Google† the summary of the book? This is how most Millennials are thinking today. It takes less than a minute to find a summary of a book online but hours even days to finish reading a book. Most Millennials take the easy way out by reading the summary online. What ever happened to pleasure reading? Research papers can be done at your house or anywhere you like as long as you have access to the internet. All of the long hours spending at the library are no longer necessary. The resource of the internet is so fast that spending time at the library would be wasting your time. Is it really wasting your time? This is how most Millennials think. Millennials are getting lazier due to the fact of the internet. Remember when entertainment use to be going to the movie theaters, going to a comedy act, or going to a museum? Now entertainment has changed and expanded through the internet from social networking and being able to watch anything online. This causes people to spend less time away from their computers. Why go out and buy a movie when you can download it off a website online? Long distance communication is no longer a problem. There are social networks like â€Å"Facebook†, â€Å"MySpace†, â€Å"Skype†, â€Å"Ovoo†, and also the classic emailing to stay in touch with anyone, no matter what country they are living in. According to an article by Robert J. Samuelson, â€Å"three-quarters of Millennials have created a profile on Facebook or some other social networking site. (Samuelson) This shows that more and more people are spending hours of their days online. Millennials are the digital generation. â€Å"Millennials are the first truly digital generation. Three-quarters have created a profile on Facebook or some other social networking site. Only half of Gen Xers and 30 percent of boomers have done so. A fifth of Millennials have posted videos of themselves online, far more than Gen Xers ( 6 percent) or boomers (2 percent). † – Samuelson Robert. (2010, March 8). Will Millennials become the chump generation? The Washington Post. Retrieved from washingtonpost. com These social network profiles causes people to spend more and more time surfing the Internet, while they could be doing something productive in their lives. Instead of spending so many hours surfing the net, they could be exercising or enjoying the outside nature; besides being inside all day doing mindless things on the net. It is ridiculous how lazy Millennials are when it comes to school work. Most Millennials lack book researching skills. The internet is so easy and reliable to use that Millennials are abusing it. They feel there is no need to learn how to do research without using the Internet. This is a problem that needs to be resolved. Millennials depend too heavily on the Internet, that when or if the internet fails, they do not know how to use any other resources. The Internet also causes people to spend too much time online during the day. Internet entertains people through the social networking sites and the access to videos/movies. Millennials are more into entertainment than political issues. Barely half of the 15-to 26-year-olds queried agreed that â€Å"paying attention to government and politics† is important to good citizenship, and only two-thirds considered voting a meaningful act. While 64 percent knew the name of the latest â€Å"American Idol,† only 10 percent could identify the speaker of the U. S. House of Representatives. Only one-third knew which party controlled the state legislat ure, and only 40 percent knew which party controlled Congress. † – Bauerlein, Mark. The Dumbest Generation. Penguin Grove: New York, 2008. Print. Millennials do not care for the todays political issues. The lack of not caring and use of the internet are making people less educated about their own country. â€Å"Most young Americans possess little of the knowledge that makes for an informed citizen, and too few of them master the skills needed to negotiate an information-heavy, communication-based society and economy. † (Bauerlein) This shows how the internet is ruining Millennials. This problem is only going to get worst if there is no change. Future generations are going to suffer the worst from these bad traits.

Why Teeth Turn Yellow (And Other Colors)

Why Teeth Turn Yellow (And Other Colors) You know teeth can turn yellow from staining due to coffee, tea, and tobacco, but may be unaware of all of the other causes of tooth discoloration. Sometimes the color is temporary, while other times there is a chemical change in the composition of teeth that causes permanent discoloration. Take a look at the causes of yellow, black, blue, and gray teeth, as well as how to avoid or correct the problem. Reasons Why Teeth Turn Yellow Yellow or brown is the most common tooth discoloration. Any intensely-colored plant matter can stain teeth, as the pigment molecules bind to the surface layer of enamel. Chewing or smoking tobacco darkens and yellows teeth. Dark, acidic drinks like coffee, tea, and cola do a double-whammy as the acid makes teeth more porous, so they pick up the pigment more readily. Surface staining doesnt have to be yellow. Depending on the cause, it could be orange or even green. The good news about this type of stain is that it can be removed with good dental hygiene and a whitening toothpaste.Mouthwash can stain your teeth. Products containing the antibacterial agents chlorhexidine or cetylpyridium chloride cause surface discoloration. The color is temporary and can be bleached away.Medications may also yellow teeth. Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl), drugs for high blood pressure, and antipsychotics typically cause surface discoloration, which may be temporary. The antibiotics tetracycline and doxycycline become calcified in developing enamel. While th e antibiotics wont noticeably stain adult teeth, these drugs can cause permanent discoloration and sometimes disfigurement of teeth if the drugs are administered to children under age 10. Pregnant women are advised against taking these antibiotics because they affect fetal tooth development. It isnt just the color of the tooth that is affected. The chemical composition of teeth is altered, making them more fragile. Bleaching wont solve these problems, so the usual treatment involves crowns or replacing teeth with implants (in severe cases). Yellowing is part of the natural aging process, as tooth enamel becomes thinner and the natural yellowish color of the underlying dentin layer becomes more visible. Thin tooth enamel also occurs in people who have a dry mouth (produce less saliva) or who routinely eat acidic foods.Chemotherapy and radiation can change the color of enamel, giving it a brownish cast.Sometimes a yellowish color is genetic. Inherited yellow enamel can usually be bleached to become brighter using over the counter whitening products.Poor dental hygiene can cause yellowing since plaque and tartar are yellowish. Brushing, flossing, and visiting the dentist are steps to address this issue.Ingesting fluoride from fluoridated water or supplements usually causes splotches in developing teeth more than overall yellowing. Too much fluoride can also disfigure teeth since the chemical structure of enamel is affected.Dying teeth appear more yellow than young, healthy teeth. Physical trauma, poor nutrition, sleep depr ivation, and stress can all affect the health of underlying dentin and make it appear darker and more yellow. Causes of Blue, Black, and Gray Teeth Yellow isnt the only type of tooth discoloration. Other colors include blue, black, and gray. Dental amalgams made using mercury or sulfides can discolor teeth, potentially turning them gray or black.A severely damaged or dead tooth may have black spots as the internal tissue dies, similar to the way a bruise appears dark under the skin. Trauma can affect tooth color in both adults and children. Because this discoloration is internal, it cant simply be bleached away.There are two main causes of blue teeth. One is that a white tooth may appear blue if the tooth has a mercury-silver filling, which shows through the enamel. Damage to the root of a tooth may also show through as blue. The other main cause is when the root of a tooth fades away. This is more commonly seen in children losing their deciduous (baby) teeth​ when their teeth are otherwise very white. Enamel is crystalline apatite, so either dark underlying material or a lack of any material may make it appear blue-white.

Humor, Satire, Irony, and Parody Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Humor, Satire, Irony, and Parody - Essay Example Z.† by M. Carl Holman, â€Å"A Visit from St. Sigmund† by K.J. Kennedy, and â€Å"AD† Kenneth Fearing. The sources will be identified first, then genre and themes will be discussed with that source. â€Å"Will and Grace† is first and foremost a drama. Since it involves actors it is a drama. Drama means to do in Greek, so some action must be taking place in a drama. In this particular episode, Will hurts his leg and becomes addicted to pills. While serious, some humor is involved in this particular episode. An example is when Will finds a tic tac instead of a pain killer. Irony was also be used in this episode. One example is when Grace exclaims â€Å"Crack whores are sneaky!† She does not mean Will is a crack whore, but is acting like one. Drama is mixed with irony and humor in this â€Å"Will and Grace† episode. This episode explains in a light way how a person can become addicted without even realizing it. â€Å"A Visit from St. Sigmund† by K.J. Kennedy is a parody and full of satire. This is formed in a poetry form. Taking the form of â€Å"A Night Before Christmas† this author chooses to attack Sigmund Freud and his psychotherapy. Parodies attack things the authors do not approve. Obviously in this poem, Kennedy does not approve of Sigmund Freud and his theories. Throughout the poem, psychology terms are used loosely. â€Å"Not an Ego was stirring, not even an Id,† or He drove a wheeled couch pulled by five fat psychoses† use Freud’s terms like Id, Ego, and psychoses with almost scorn. The line â€Å"And Mamma with her bar off and I on her lap† is a direct slap at Freud’s Oedipus complex. Kennedy mocks Freud in a blatant attempt to discredit him with parody. The satire is used in all of the above because the human vices Freud is trying to cure seems to be dismissed by Kennedy. â€Å"AD† by Kenneth Fearing is a poem that uses irony. This is a poem that was written during the

Discussion Question Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussion Question - Assignment Example I recommend an equity based rewards program. An equity based reads program is not the same as an equal rewards program. In an equity based rewards program the rewards outcomes are not equal for all employees. Instead the rewards are apparently fair in terms of the contributions made by the employees, or groups of employees, such as teams. Thus, in the rewards program recommended by me the pay is not equal for employees, the raise in pay is not equal across all employees, the perks received are not the same, and promotions are not based on any time scale that makes the opportunities for promotion the same for all employees. In my recommended rewards program, all these elements of a rewards program are dispensed on the basis of contribution to the performance of the company. In other words, the employees or group of employees that contributes more gets more. In the development of my rewards program I have drawn support from the equity theory in the distribution of rewards to employees. Employees do not feel that they are being discriminated against in the distribution of rewards, when it is clear to them that the employees or groups of employees who have received more are the same employees who have made larger contributions to the performance of the organization (Phillips & Gully, 2011). Psychologically Healthy Workplace Program. (2008). Making Teamwork Rewarding. Retrieved from, Good Company, 2(4), Web Site: http://www.phwa.org/resources/goodcompany/newsletter/article/48 (Accessed April 26,

Functions of carbohydrates,vitamisn,fats,minerals,protein,h2O Essay

Functions of carbohydrates,vitamisn,fats,minerals,protein,h2O - Essay Example nly used; it is normally obtained as a result of digestion of such disaccharides (double sugars) as a source of cane sugar, maltose from cereal grains or from polysaccharides The glucose level of the blood is stabilized by storage of surplus amounts of glycogen (body starch), and their subsequent reconversion and release at a later time when blood levels again become low. Fructose and galactose are two other simple sugars that may be utilized directly for energy production; Carbohydrates contain three elements: carbon, oxygen and nitrogen; their relatively high oxygen content enables them to oxidize cleanly, yielding only carbondioxide and waste product, thus making them a very efficient energy source. Although caloric needs may also be met by fats and proteins, a minimum amount of carbohydrates is essential for safe metabolism of fats. Fats reduced to 25% or less, is the minimum amount which is needed for good health. One of its most valuable functions is the transport of the fat soluble vitamins A and D which are essential to life itself. A moderate amount of fat in one’s diet can increase and maintain the feeling of satiety or satisfaction following a meal because it slows the rate at which food is moved out of the stomach. The relatively high carbon and hydrogen content of fat makes it highly concentrated source of fuel, a dietary feature that is sometimes useful during cold weather when caloric needs are high. A moderate amount of stored fat is also useful as a means of insulation against cold and as a protection for certain vital organs such as kidneys. Proteins contain nitrogen and sulphur, in addition to carbon, hydrogen and oxygen as in carbohydrates and fats. Their molecular structure is quite complex and consists of numerous smaller components termed amino acids. Although the body can synthesize many of the 23 amino acids that are known to exists, 8 of these essential components cannot be synthesized and must be obtained from one’s diet.

Isalmic Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Isalmic Studies - Essay Example Be it in-law or in blood. Thus, Shi'ites could have descended from the bloodline of the prophet Muhammed, peace upon him. This poetic piece of the Qur'an is quite glaring substantiation to the idea of the Shi'ite. Their shadows may mean descendants, mornings may mean children and young ones, and afternoons may mean the middle and old aged. "And to Allah (alone) falls in prostration whoever is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and so do their shadows in the mornings and in the afternoons (Surah 13:15), and "whosoever is saved from his own covetousness, such are they who will be the successful" (Surah59:9) In the 7th century, after the death of the prophet Muhammed, peace upon him, a void was left to his position as a leader of a Sunni community. It is a population of believers in Islam. This was initially filled by his friend and father-in-law Abu Bakr. He is the father of Aisha who is the second wife of Muhammed, peace upon him. After Abu Bakr, the leadership was passed on to three more unidentified Muslims. The same post was accepted by Ali the son-in-law of Muhammed, peace upon him. He is the husband of Fatima. Fatima was the daughter of Muhammed, peace upon him, with Kadija. Kadija was the first wife of Muhammed, peace upon him. ... al, 1989). Khawarij in Arabic Kharijite meaning one that departs, dissenter, a member of a Muslim secessionist sect establishing a radically democratic reform community in the 7th century (Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged). It can then be synonymous to Shia. It is a group originating in the controversies over leadership of the community (The Encyclopaedia Americana International Edition USA, 2002).There were two contenders to the Caliphate then. First the Umayyad's who were a family of power (Perry, 1989). They succeeded in assuming the leadership. Second the Shi'a, Shi'ites, proponents of ascendancy (Perry et. al, 1989). They must be the descendants of the prophet Muhammad, peace upon him. They tried but failed to retake the post (Perry et. al., 1989). Eventually they turned out into Khawarij because they departed. They established a radically democratic and puritanical reform community (Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged). They adopted some philosophies. They evolved practices different from those of traditional Muslims, known as the Sunni. They did not acknowledge the Umayyad's (Perry et. al. 1989). Over the years, the Umayyad's held the highest position of the caliphate. It gained the support of the greater part of Muslims who were all Arabs (Perry, 1989). So, they to all intents and purposes made extensive triumph escalating Muslim dominion. However, the Umayyad's never saw their inaccuracy. First, it repositioned the Muslim seat of power from Mecca to Damascus in Syria. Second, it gave only Arabs the holdings of prominent positions in the hierarchy. This was to the bitterness of its new members. They were

Critical Summary for Meilaender's Why Remember Essay

Critical Summary for Meilaender's Why Remember - Essay Example The main reason why Leonard cannot remember is that he once sustained a blow on his head from an intruder who raped and killed the wife. Form the onset, Leonard is trying to recollect all that had happened to the wife so that he could identify this intruder, and subsequently plan for revenge. As the movie unfolds, Leonard is presented as a person who is working on unproductive events. Why is it claimed that he could not remember what happen, but he is planning for a revenge of what a happen. Actually, he wants to kill the intruder who caused him his state of the brain and wife. To this extent, it may be proper to claim that the writer of the script, once Gilbert Meilaender is writing or representing on something or an ideal that is affecting the society, but the society has adamantly refused to solve the situation. Leonard remembers to forget; that is he gets a hint of what actually happened but forgets the same after sometimes. Thereafter, Leonard opted to an option of taking snaps and jotting note behind each snap. He latter remembers that he could actually note that the intruder had some tattoos on his body. This leads him to his search; nonetheless, he is couscous not to be manipulated and used by other people to kill people who may be barriers on their way. Whatever Leonard is couscous of is what is actually taking place in the entire movie after this realization (Meilaender 01). The movie is quite an irony, how could a person undertake what he is wholly unfamiliar or rather illiterate. Even if, Leonard may finally manage to avenge the death of his wife with his slim knowledge about the events of that fateful day when he lost the wife and developed memory lapse, he would be in a never-ending search for this intruder. The entire puzzle seems to be giving Leonard a sense of depression as he digs into relevant information about his enemy. The recurring nature of Leonard’s state of mind makes a little bit difficult to summarize the movie. The puzzle is that the viewer is ever in the states of not knowing, as this is the same state Leonard is at, at all time. However, the viewer may be experiencing just a little of what may be the contemporary state of events in the world (Meilaender 01). The massage that may be picked from the movie is the concern of the scriptwriter who seems to be wondering if the humanity can make sense to the world if it lacks the capacity of forming new memories and connecting the same with an older one for continuity. On an everyday basis, Leonard wakes up in full knowledge of the death of the wife. Despite of this reality, Leonard is still unable to remember the duration that has happened. Addition, it may be true to say that at certain moments the depression and the pathos he is undergoing cannot even organize events in his life coherently because to him everything is always a discovery. He once claimed that he could not heal if he could not even feel time (Meilaender 01). The movie can actually draw one i nto a reflection of a place in memory in the human sense that deals with self, especially the self-sense that deals with a meaningful construction of life. As one analyzes, Leonard’s situation, particularly the desperation he is undergoing, it is apparent the human memory is a vital or central organ in organizing an individual by creating the understanding of the meaning of life to human beings. Moreover, there are several wanting situations that Leonard underwent that need deeper

Nationalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Nationalism - Essay Example In the perspective, nationalism does bring negative influence to the society and the people who live within such societies. Negative influence of nationalism is usually brought about by bad leadership. Primarily, leaders use nationalism to bring people together, but quite often they can go to the extremes while trying to meet their goals (Ireneusz and Suszycki 49). This may involve the use nationalism to persuade people to support their bad agenda and treatment towards the minority groups in the society. For instance, Hitler used nationalism to persuade the people of Germany to discriminate and eliminate all the minority groups in the nation. In particular, he used propaganda to invoke strong feeling of nationalism among the German population and then used it to advocate for his discriminative policies. This shows that when nationalism is abused, it can be very dangerous. People will want to fight for the rights and freedoms of their nation regardless of what others may go through. Nationalism can result in the development of extreme nationalistic movements with high degrees of discrimination. In fact, the rise of extreme nationalistic movements such as Nazism and Zionism was as a result of nationalism (Ireneusz and Suszycki 50). These movements had a strong belief in ethnicity in the sense that people that belong to their ethnic background were supreme and therefore there ethnic group was the master race. As a result, both of these ethnic groups embarked on the process of ethnic cleansing to eliminate those groups of people that belong to different ethnic affiliations. For instance, member of the Nazism eliminated the Jews by killing them or sending them to special concentration camps where they would undergo suffering and extreme conditions. On the other hand, the members of Zionism eliminated the Palestinians by driving them out of Israel. This is shows the extent to which nationalism

Isalmic Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Isalmic Studies - Essay Example Be it in-law or in blood. Thus, Shi'ites could have descended from the bloodline of the prophet Muhammed, peace upon him. This poetic piece of the Qur'an is quite glaring substantiation to the idea of the Shi'ite. Their shadows may mean descendants, mornings may mean children and young ones, and afternoons may mean the middle and old aged. "And to Allah (alone) falls in prostration whoever is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and so do their shadows in the mornings and in the afternoons (Surah 13:15), and "whosoever is saved from his own covetousness, such are they who will be the successful" (Surah59:9) In the 7th century, after the death of the prophet Muhammed, peace upon him, a void was left to his position as a leader of a Sunni community. It is a population of believers in Islam. This was initially filled by his friend and father-in-law Abu Bakr. He is the father of Aisha who is the second wife of Muhammed, peace upon him. After Abu Bakr, the leadership was passed on to three more unidentified Muslims. The same post was accepted by Ali the son-in-law of Muhammed, peace upon him. He is the husband of Fatima. Fatima was the daughter of Muhammed, peace upon him, with Kadija. Kadija was the first wife of Muhammed, peace upon him. ... al, 1989). Khawarij in Arabic Kharijite meaning one that departs, dissenter, a member of a Muslim secessionist sect establishing a radically democratic reform community in the 7th century (Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged). It can then be synonymous to Shia. It is a group originating in the controversies over leadership of the community (The Encyclopaedia Americana International Edition USA, 2002).There were two contenders to the Caliphate then. First the Umayyad's who were a family of power (Perry, 1989). They succeeded in assuming the leadership. Second the Shi'a, Shi'ites, proponents of ascendancy (Perry et. al, 1989). They must be the descendants of the prophet Muhammad, peace upon him. They tried but failed to retake the post (Perry et. al., 1989). Eventually they turned out into Khawarij because they departed. They established a radically democratic and puritanical reform community (Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged). They adopted some philosophies. They evolved practices different from those of traditional Muslims, known as the Sunni. They did not acknowledge the Umayyad's (Perry et. al. 1989). Over the years, the Umayyad's held the highest position of the caliphate. It gained the support of the greater part of Muslims who were all Arabs (Perry, 1989). So, they to all intents and purposes made extensive triumph escalating Muslim dominion. However, the Umayyad's never saw their inaccuracy. First, it repositioned the Muslim seat of power from Mecca to Damascus in Syria. Second, it gave only Arabs the holdings of prominent positions in the hierarchy. This was to the bitterness of its new members. They were

Nationalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Nationalism - Essay Example In the perspective, nationalism does bring negative influence to the society and the people who live within such societies. Negative influence of nationalism is usually brought about by bad leadership. Primarily, leaders use nationalism to bring people together, but quite often they can go to the extremes while trying to meet their goals (Ireneusz and Suszycki 49). This may involve the use nationalism to persuade people to support their bad agenda and treatment towards the minority groups in the society. For instance, Hitler used nationalism to persuade the people of Germany to discriminate and eliminate all the minority groups in the nation. In particular, he used propaganda to invoke strong feeling of nationalism among the German population and then used it to advocate for his discriminative policies. This shows that when nationalism is abused, it can be very dangerous. People will want to fight for the rights and freedoms of their nation regardless of what others may go through. Nationalism can result in the development of extreme nationalistic movements with high degrees of discrimination. In fact, the rise of extreme nationalistic movements such as Nazism and Zionism was as a result of nationalism (Ireneusz and Suszycki 50). These movements had a strong belief in ethnicity in the sense that people that belong to their ethnic background were supreme and therefore there ethnic group was the master race. As a result, both of these ethnic groups embarked on the process of ethnic cleansing to eliminate those groups of people that belong to different ethnic affiliations. For instance, member of the Nazism eliminated the Jews by killing them or sending them to special concentration camps where they would undergo suffering and extreme conditions. On the other hand, the members of Zionism eliminated the Palestinians by driving them out of Israel. This is shows the extent to which nationalism

Time value of money paper Essay Example for Free

Time value of money paper Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before dwelling on the various applications of Time Value of money paper, it is imperative to clearly understand what the whole concept of time value of money is all about.   The whole concept is based on the premise that all investors prefer receiving a certain amount of money today rather than the same amount in future, while holding everything else constant. Money in actual sense has a time value, which is an economic theory brought about by three reasons that include inflation, liquidity and risk. (Tuller, Lawrence W.1997)    This is based on the argument that if the investor receives the money today, he/she can earn interest on that amount until the specified future date.   For example earning $100 today is preferable than earning this same amount in one years time. This is because choice of either spending the money today or investing it for future.   Thus if one chooses to earn $100 one year from now, spending is also deferred for a similar period and will miss out on the opportunity to invest it. (Tuller, Lawrence W.1997) Financial application of the time value of money The Time Value for money is a very fundamental principle of investing and budgeting and all standard calculations are based on the basic formula of the present value of a future sum that is discounted to the present. The concept is fundamental in many aspects of finance; this is because it has an impact on consumer finance, business finance and government finance. (DeThomas, A 1992). The Time value of money concept has much valuable financial relevance. The concept finds some of its major and important uses in the measurement of various trade-offs in spending and saving (DeThomas, A 1992).   On a personal budgeting level, it has important consequences. For example one may make the decision to invest because the time value of money is greater in the future if the market interest rates stand at say 6% which is considered a high rate, however if the rates are much lower than this say between 1%- 2%, one may opt to spend the money because the time value of money today is higher. (DeThomas, A 1992). The time value of money is extremely useful in the following sectors of business: Commercial banks Credit card financial service companies Insurance companies d. State governments lotteries   Retirement plan financial service providers The basic concept of time value for money that includes compounding, discounting and annuities are frequently used in the retirement savings plan to determine the amount of the deposit that is needed to accumulate a certain future plan.   Commercial banks Commercial banks extensively find great use of time value for money; on a daily basis they use various time value of money formulas. It is used to calculate the amortization of loans for home mortgages that is described as present value of an annuity. In the calculation of mortgages, the future value of the annuity formula is used to determine monthly payments that the borrower is supposed to make. The concept is also used in the calculation of the future value of all the savings in the fixed deposit ( Crosson, S.V. Needles, B.E. 2008) Credit card financial service companies Under normal circumstances credit card financial services issue loans to the card holders, towards this end the time value of money formula is used to determine the schedules for loan repayment and also used in calculating the future value of the loan which is the ending balance. ( Crosson, S.V. Needles, B.E. 2008) Insurance Companies To illustrate how the insurance companies make use of the time value of money is when and one buys a life insurance. He/she gives money to the insurance company which doesn’t have to pay the beneficiaries the sum accruing until the principal dies, this can translate into many years. On the other hand the insurance company decides to invest the money in various instruments with the hope there value will increase. The insurance company is bound to benefit greatly the longer it has to invest the money, which it uses to pay back the benefit. The longer the insured lives the more the time the insurance company has to invest the money before paying up. ( Crosson, S.V. Needles, B.E. 2008) Thus if you buy the insurance when you are older it means that your lifespan is shorter, this also applies to those people with ailments or are unhealthy. That is the reason why the older or unhealthy people pay more in premiums compared to the young and healthy; the time value of money is applied the insurance company earns more money the longer the premium stays. ( Crosson, S.V. Needles, B.E. 2008) State governments lotteries Lottery is one of the methods that the government utilizes to provide funding for education in America. However those oppose the government for raising such money through lottery argue that the government takes advantage of the ignorance of the laymen of the time value of money with lotteries that hit a million dollars. The winner of such a lottery does not get the million dollars upfront; rather one receives $ 50,000 per annum for the next 20 years. The state cannot pay that money upfront because of the time value of money where a million dollar now is more worth a million dollars in future. ( Crosson, S.V. Needles, B.E. 2008) Components of a discount/interest rates   A sum of five different components makes up the rate of return at which an investment trades in financial theory; the five components are discussed here below and include: a) The real risk-free interest rate   This forms the basis at which all other investments are analyzed and compared. It is basically the rate of return an investor would expect to earn in risk less environment devoid of any form of inflation. (Carl S. W et al 2001) b) An Inflation Premium To adjust an investment’s expectation for a future inflation a certain rate is added towards this purpose; this is what is termed as the inflation premium. (Carl S. W et al 2001) c)   Liquidity Premium Liquidity premium is required in circumstances where investors are not willing to pay for the full value of the stocks or assets especially if there is a possibility of not selling them as quickly as they would wish because of buyer scarcity. The liquidity premium serves the purpose of compensating the potential loss. How big a liquidity premium is, is dependent on the investors perception of the activity of the market. A good example of where the liquidity premium is required is in such investments as family controlled company with thinly traded investments like bonds and stock. (Carl S. W et al 2001) d) Default risk premium Default risk premium indicates how investors perceive the likelihood of a company defaulting to meet its obligation or the likelihood of it going bankrupt. In most cases when there are telltale signs of a company in trouble, the investors demand a default risk premium which eventually leads to the collapse of the company.  Ã‚   (Carl S. W et al 2001) e) Maturity Premium The maturity premium commonly refers to the difference that exits between the interest rates of a short term default free bond and a longer maturity default free bond. The price fluctuation of the interest rates change is determined by how further in the future the bonds of the company have matured which in turn determine the price.   (Carl S. W et al 2001) REFERENCES Carl S. Warren, James M. Reeves, Philip E. Fess, James M. Reeve (2001): Financial and  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Managerial Accounting: South-Western College Crosson, S.V., and Needles, B.E. (2008): Managerial Accounting (8th Ed). Boston:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Houghton Mifflin Company. DeThomas, Art (1992): Financing Your Small Business: Techniques for Planning,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Acquiring Managing Debt: Oasis Press, Tuller, Lawrence W. (1997): Finance for Non-Financial Managers and Small Business   Owners: Adams Media

Importance Of Public Open Space Health And Social Care Essay

Importance Of Public Open Space Health And Social Care Essay One of the principal aims of any public authority is to improve the quality of life. Parks and public open spaces have played an critical role to improve residents life in development of city (Nankervis, 1998). The history of public spaces could be found all over the centuries in the medieval era, the communal grazing space and city square also known as the common was a significant urban element. Industrial revolution might trace back the tradition of providing for POS(public open spaces) was recognised as a critical aspect in the city development (Churchus, C. et al 2004). For the majority of 19th and early 20th centuries, the provision of POS within urban areas were considered as essential to the resident health of inner city, where commonly crowded conditions, pollution and lack of sanitation were an issue. Recent research defined at the beginning of the new millennium shows that more than 60% of the worlds population lives in cities. By 2025 will be over 5 billion people who liv e in urban contexts and in 135 metropolitan areas, the number of residents will exceed 4 million (Musco, 2006). Those aspects is becoming problem; the increase in population, lack of public services, growth of cities by dispersion of settlements and pollution in the rapid urbanization. Therefore, residences require more safety and to be more environmentally friendly constructed. Nowadays, POS provide leisure, recreation and promote public health (Banjeree, 2001) as well as making areas more attractive and more pleasing places. According to World Health Organization of workshop report which is The future for our children, Physical activities absence cause by the lack of open spaces for recreation lead to psychological problems, obesity, accidents and injuries were considered as priorities. Other aspects is that children have more time for television, computer games and an increase in the development lead to use of commercial playgrounds (McKendrick et al. 2000). Moreover, the other research has identified these startling facts: 20% of four-year-olds are overweight and 15% of 15-year-olds are obese. Evidence shows that this increase in obesity is linked to more sedentary lifestyles and a decrease in outdoor activity. It could expect the adult patterns of exercise are set early in life (Kuh, Cooper 1992). Therefore, exercise shortage when young can breed problems in adulthood, i.e. diabetes and heart disease. It also appears that there is a problem with polluted places or ruins instead of open spaces. Surroundings without green space link to short of community sense and aspect increased behaviour of violence compared with those that included green space (Jackson, Kochtitzky 2001). In addition, the dangerous place attracts vermin and can harbour criminal activities (Lord 1995) For example, the largest wastewater sludge plant and medical waste incinerator in the Northeast of New York City, where has a childhood asthma 1000% higher than other city in New York State. Children might choose to play on the streets rather than in garbage and used needles of the vacant (Maantay 2001). This study shows that land-use patterns also significantly affect the health of urban communities and lack of safe places limits childs activities. In the recent study examined different socio-economic status(SES) of children play in open space. The 94% of parents concern regarding their childs safety was the most frequently presented factor influencing where children played. Parental-safety concerns about the their children playing were mainly influenced by strangers, congregate teenagers/gangs undesirable behaviours such as bullying, having alcohol and road traffic (Valentine and McKendrick, 1997). These concerns were particularly evident among more than one-third of parents from low and mid SES areas, compared to just 10% of parents from high SES areas. In addition, more than 80% of families lived on a main or through street, half of the parents allowed their children to play on the street where expose cars. Therefore, the children seem to spend more time at home, friends houses even in the bush, river, road and street. These safety concerns limit places opportunities for childrens play. Though almost all recognise that problem exists, the best possible response has not been easy to reach. Supporting green open space and sustainable design can bring down disease, mental problems furthermore carbon footprints through ecological park, green infrastructure and upkeep of allotments. It could have long-term positive effects on public health, economic value of public space and reducing crime, which three principal points can be justified with some evidences in next stage. London is still among the greenest capital cities in the world (visitlondon.com/areas/parks/). Londoner can enjoy the great outdoors more than other countries, also Nottingham is good example because not only there are a number of parks for people, but also people easy to access high-quality of green spaces which make a healthier community. There is a growing concern about the health of the nation which related particularly our public health. From the perspective of planning and building places that influence peoples health, an all-inclusive approach to public health which respects the prevention of disease and the promotion of physical and mental well-being(Honari and Boleyn 1999, Pacione, 2003). The figure 1 gives more information about obesity already costs more in public health terms, and why important the assessment of green space for public health.  ¿Ã‚ ¡4.2 billion Annual cost to the NHS of obesity and related diseases 50 per cent Reduction in risk of heart attack by a daily walk in the park 91 per cent People who believe that public parks and open spaces improve quality of life 300 per cent Increased likelihood of residents being physically active in residential areas with high levels of greenery Figure 1. Greenspace Scotland 2009: Health impact assessment of greenspace: a guide.www.cabeurl.com/30 Scottish Natural Heritage and Institute of Occupational Medicine, published by greenspace scotland Firstly, safe and clean area encourages people to walk more and therefore meet considerable health benefits. Surgeon General prescribed lively walking or cycling as little as 30 minutes a day in the park to improve health. It has been reported to reduce heart attack risk by 50%, (Hakim 1999) diabetes by 50%,( The Diabetes Prevention Research Group 2002) colon cancer by 30%( Slattery, Potter and Caan et al 1997). Moreover, it is estimated that if just one in 100 inactive people took adequate exercise it could save the NHS in Scotland as much as  £85 million per year. (Bird 2003). Secondly, there is increasing evidence that nature in the urban environment is benefits for both physical and mental health. Natural elements such as trees and lakes promote a drop in blood pressure and reduce stress feelings(Hartig, Evans, et. al. 2003). Increasing access to high-quality POS can produce substantial benefits of public health and save healthcare costs such as joining a gym or going swimming (Pretty, Griffin, Sellens and Pretty, 2003). Therefore, being activities in outside promote physical and mental well-being, reduce stress, overcome isolation, social cohesion and alleviate physical problems. In other words, future health can be defined how carefully design makes healthy places through public green spaces. Being urbanisation has led to children with short of opportunities to play out of house and experience the natural environment than previous generations. Under the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, children have the right to play, recreation and culture (Petrie, Egharevba, Oliver and Poland, 2000). Play breeds important phenomenon for development of children; the growth of social skills, experimentation about the crises of confrontation and the promotion of physical activity. Baranowski T. et al also defined natural open space for children, that being outdoors is the most powerful correlate of physical activity, and contact with nature can significantly reduce the psychological distress caused by stress. Firstly, activity in public, green spaces bring benefit to children suffering from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). Evidence shows that green space activities such as fishing, soccer were 85% regarded the behaviour of children with ADD, while non-green activities such as vid eo games, watching television were only 43% improved as beneficial (Taylor 2001). Secondly, places with trees and grass encourage better opportunities for childrens playing than spaces without such eclogical elements. For example, in inner-city Chicago, childrens playing was monitored in surrounding apartment blocks where were similarly planned trees and grass. Playing in the green spaces found significantly higher levels of creative than in the barren areas. Children playing in the green spaces had more opportunity for mental growth, this aspect can improve the interpersonal skills development (Taylor 2001). In addition, well-designed spaces will provide to fill fewer opportunities than previous generations through providing children with opportunities for exercise and leaning. The crime-ridden district can change to attractive, safe places and improve place value by public open space. Firstly, community gardens were shown significant reduction in crime rate. A positive example emerges from Southern Ontario, Canada, a community garden was attempted on the old rubbish dump site, which attracted local criminals and was avoided by the 1200 local residents as a result drastic 30% drop in crime through environmental design. Moreover, this reduction has encouraged residents to use the streets more at night, including better communication with different ethnic groups (McKay 1998). Such changes can promote everyone to meet the greatest of public spaces. Indeed, good-quality public spaces link to good management to prevent from slumism. Secondly, locating proximity to public space b economic value and trading by leading more people for retailers. It has been shown that well-planned public spaces improvements in town centres could generate commercial trading by up to 40% and the growth of private sector investment (DoE and The Association of Town Centre Management, Managing Urban Spaces in Town Centres 1997). Small businesses choosing a new business location rank the amount of open space and proximity to parks and recreation as the number-one priority in site selection. (The Trust for Public Land, Economic Benefits of Open Space, 2001) Thirdly, The local economy can achieve significant positive impact from a high-quality public landscape in terms of stimulating increase in value of house, since prorerty-buyers prefer to be near green space. For example, in Berlin by 2000, close to playgrounds in residential areas and a high number of street trees was found to increase 16% in the values of property. (Luther, Gruehn 2001). In Leiden, Netherlands, a view of a park have been shown to raise the house prices by 8% to compare with a view of an apartment block, which can reduce the price by 7%. The value of homes was at least 15% higher by the presence of green spaces, where the majority of residents mentioned the public green spaces as a major factor in their moving decision into the area. (Luttik 2000) When the environment is unattractive, Unsafe, i.e. unwalkable urban areas, can make it hard to achieve the requirements of physical activity and interaction between residents and nature area by the lack of greenery and dominated traffic. It will provide unproductive life style. Inclusive high-quality, well-maintained public spaces that encourage walking, cycling and various activities have a positive effect on our health. In other words, POS is a powerful weapon in the fight against obesity and illness. Responsibility explained the interrelationship between health, well-being and sustainability and urban design improvements undertaken as part of a wider strategy can breed even more dramatic results; shifting patterns of sickness, population, public health, also bring down carbon footprints. Probably, carefully design can deal with complex requirements in simple ways. However, above all, integrated decision-making should be preceded by policymakers, also they should concern existing c ommunities and refurbishments. This research has deal with sustainable, promotive health environments together with the concerning health and well-being. This win-win strategy in sustainability benefits accrue from every planning process through more collaborative working. Open space will become firmly part of ordinance and community development. Approach to public open space maximises its potential to contribute to a more inclusive and sustainable one on a local, regional and national level that will enhance a wide range of goals.

Biological Techniques :: essays research papers

1. (a) I. Plasmids are important tools in molecular biology. Plasmids are small circular DNA that has the ability to enter and replicate in bacterial cells and can be used as vectors to introduce foreign genes into bacteria for cloning and sequencing. Any gene must be inserted into an appropriate location of a plasmid to be expressed. The importance of a plasmid is in the step of cloning and sequencing when the construction of a recombinant DNA molecule occurs. The target gene fragment is ligated to a plasmid, and becomes recombinant DNA. Then the plasmid can replicate autonomously in an appropriate host organism. II. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the amplification of DNA sequence by repeated cycles of strand seperation and replication. This is a direct method of making copies of a desired DNA sequence, unlike the technique using plasmids. PCR is a process quite like DNA replication. It is still the process of two DNA strands unwinding, replicating, and then reannealing, however the strands are separated by heat. Generally temperatures must be increased to 94-96 degrees C for the hydrogen bonds to break and the separation to occur. Once the stands are separated they can be used as templates for complementary strands to be synthesized by DNA primers. After the strands are completely synthesized, the temperatures are brought back down to 50-65 degrees C for the primers to anneal with the template DNA, and a DNA polymerase can build complementary strands using free nucleotides that have been added to the solution. III. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis is a technique in which DNA regions are digested using restriction endonucleases, and subjected to radioactive complementary DNA probes to compare the differences in DNA fragment lengths between individuals. The DNA in question is digested using restriction endonuclease(s). The DNA is then run on a gel and appears to be very long. The gel is subject to a chemical that causes the double-stranded DNA to separate into to individual strands. The strands are then transferred to a nylon membrane with using an electric current, where it will bind. The transfer process is called Southern blotting.

Religion Fades :: essays research papers fc

I. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Overview events of the time period   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Shogun period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Meiji period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Actions of Commodore Perry  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. Sino and Russo Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Thesis Over time, and this is true in every country, faith fades and gives way to science and religion gives way to practicality. II. The Edo (Shogun) rule 1608-1868   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. The takeover   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. how they came into rule   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. the battle of Sekigahara   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. the expulsion of Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. feudalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. The beginning of the end   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Political pressure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Commodore Perry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. crushing debt   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. civilian suspicions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  d. the coup coup de gras   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Commodore Perry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. unfair treaty   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. how he landed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Perry fooled into seing a mere lord   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. final blow D. Religious effects   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Buddhism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Shintoism IV. The Meiji restoration 1868   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. The new style   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. more open to western influence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Wanted to go to the West and see what it was like   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. problems starting up   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Satsuma rebellions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. mopping up the last little samurai outbreaks B. The government   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. freedom of religion/Christianity un-banned   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. religious figures and traditional samurai lose power   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Modern state end of feudalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. constitution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. wanted new technology desperately   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. railroads built   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. army formed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. navy formed   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Sino and Russo Japanese wars because of Japans new expansion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Compare and contrast   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Enclosed self supporting traditional-Modern expansionist   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Feudal vs. V. Sino (1894) and Russo (1904) Japanese wars   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Sino Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Control of Korea   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Japan wanted its resources as their own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. guess what, so did China   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. Like siblings fighting over a cute dog, they left it up to Korea.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  d. Korea did not decide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  e. representatives on both sides were killed, WAR   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  f. of course no one listens to religious council and try to use words  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Russo Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Control of Manchuria  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Both countries want control over Manchuria’s resources.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. Russian government was weak but had a strong army.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Russian revolution  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Russia was dangerously close to a revolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. The leaders thought that they could suppress it by winning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. they lost VI. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. restate thesis Over time, and this is true in every country, faith fades and gives way to science and religion gives way to practicality. B. review of reasons and causes of the fade of religion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Arrival of Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Western influence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Fall out of power for religious class   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Conclusions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Religion did fall victim to the new influences   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. New gov. =less privileges for religion and less decision making   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Religion Fades Near the middle of the 1800’s Japan’s government of over 200 years was crumbling. The shoguns were rapidly falling out of power and a rebellion was brewing that would bring about Japan’s new Meiji government. Religion Fades :: essays research papers fc I. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Overview events of the time period   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Shogun period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Meiji period  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Actions of Commodore Perry  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. Sino and Russo Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Thesis Over time, and this is true in every country, faith fades and gives way to science and religion gives way to practicality. II. The Edo (Shogun) rule 1608-1868   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. The takeover   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. how they came into rule   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. the battle of Sekigahara   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. the expulsion of Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. feudalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. The beginning of the end   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Political pressure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Commodore Perry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. crushing debt   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. civilian suspicions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  d. the coup coup de gras   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Commodore Perry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. unfair treaty   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. how he landed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Perry fooled into seing a mere lord   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. final blow D. Religious effects   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Buddhism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Shintoism IV. The Meiji restoration 1868   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. The new style   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. more open to western influence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Wanted to go to the West and see what it was like   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. problems starting up   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Satsuma rebellions  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. mopping up the last little samurai outbreaks B. The government   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. freedom of religion/Christianity un-banned   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. religious figures and traditional samurai lose power   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Modern state end of feudalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. constitution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. wanted new technology desperately   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. railroads built   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. army formed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. navy formed   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Sino and Russo Japanese wars because of Japans new expansion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Compare and contrast   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Enclosed self supporting traditional-Modern expansionist   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Feudal vs. V. Sino (1894) and Russo (1904) Japanese wars   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Sino Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Control of Korea   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Japan wanted its resources as their own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. guess what, so did China   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. Like siblings fighting over a cute dog, they left it up to Korea.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  d. Korea did not decide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  e. representatives on both sides were killed, WAR   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  f. of course no one listens to religious council and try to use words  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Russo Japanese war   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Control of Manchuria  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Both countries want control over Manchuria’s resources.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. Russian government was weak but had a strong army.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Russian revolution  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a. Russia was dangerously close to a revolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  b. The leaders thought that they could suppress it by winning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  c. they lost VI. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. restate thesis Over time, and this is true in every country, faith fades and gives way to science and religion gives way to practicality. B. review of reasons and causes of the fade of religion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Arrival of Christianity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Western influence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Fall out of power for religious class   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Conclusions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Religion did fall victim to the new influences   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. New gov. =less privileges for religion and less decision making   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Religion Fades Near the middle of the 1800’s Japan’s government of over 200 years was crumbling. The shoguns were rapidly falling out of power and a rebellion was brewing that would bring about Japan’s new Meiji government.

In Partial Fulfillment in Principles of Management Essay

Summary: Mr. Oscar Pascua has a construction business; he hired his niece Ofelia to help him manage the construction firm. He assigned Ofelia to do the administrative work. Ofelia enjoyed her work doing various tasks she ordered to perform, positive interactions with employees kept Ofelia busy and contented with her work. Milagros, Mr. Pascua’s sister has an entertainment business. She noticed and saw Ofelia’s work and got interested of borrowing Ofelia for a while. Obviously, Milagros wanted the administrative aspects of her business straightened out. Ofelia was only too glad to join her aunt Milagros. She taught that she could give herself a break from the construction firm. When Ofelia began to work with her aunt, she found out that there are many things she should attend to. For instance, employee records are not complete, and company policies and procedures are not well documented. It is difficult to determine employees’ performance. Ofelia distributed the required forms to the employees and the talents who are undergoing training, she noticed that they are not eager to accomplish them. One day a janitor approached her and asked if she would dispose the contents of the wastebaskets even if the forms she distributed are in them. Ofelia tried to contain her anger. After a while she regained and asked her self, â€Å"What kind of people are the? I wish I’m back at my former job†. Questions: 1. Do you think the situation is hopeless for Ofelia? 2. What will be your advice to her? Statement of the Problem: Ofelia thought that in the entertainment business is a less difficult than her former job; she didn’t make a brief research in the entertainment business. She accepted it without any hesitations, unluckily her present job was worse than she can ever thought. Answer: 1. The situation of Ofelia is a bit hopeless but she can still manage it. 2. I will advise Ofelia to go back to her former job at the construction firm because she’s more productive in working with his uncle. She could just tell her aunt to hire a new administrator, a more experienced administrator in entertainment business. Conclusion: We therefore conclude that Ofelia must know how to cooperate with different level people especially in entertainment business; she must have more patience and a different level of interaction to those people or employees. If she doesn’t want the job she can resign and go back to her former job at Mr. Pascua, Ofelia is hardworking person and she’s confident and she enjoys her work, but when you’re not into the kind of a thing job you must not accept it if you do not have a proper training and seminars. Before you get a job you must know first how it will be, what kind, and who are the people or employees you’re going to work with. Sometimes it is better to know the situation first before entering.